COMPUTER OPERATORS Number 299 Interest Area 7 1998
THE JOB
COMPUTER OPERATORS control and monitor the operations of computer hardware systems, including minicomputers, networks of personal computers (PCs), and mainframes, ensuring efficient use. Meeting the demand of computer networking or multi-user systems, Computer Operators are working on PCs and minicomputers, applying the same tasks as those performed on larger computers. Automation has also changed the nature of an Operator's job. As technology continues to advance, Computer Operators will monitor an automated system.
The duties of Computer Operators vary with the size of the installation, the type of equipment used, and the policies of the employer. A typical data processing cycle starts with a request for a report. Once the need is identified and the end product agreed upon, a computer programmer prepares a computer program for obtaining the required data output. This program might be a special listing used only once or it might be retained and routinely used for years. The program specifies the input data needed, the type of processing the data will receive, and the format of the final product.
The program is then given to the Computer Operator for processing. Following the programmer's instructions, the Operator loads the program into the computer using disks, tapes, and paper. They also type commands on the keyboard of a control console of either a mainframe digital computer or a group of minicomputers. Operators monitor and respond to on-screen computer messages or control-panel lights in order to observe and control the program being run.
Operators also ensure that all parts of the computer peripheral equipment, as well as the main console, are properly working together. After loading the program, the Operator monitors the system for equipment failure or errors in performance. Messages indicate the individual specifications of each job being run. If an error message occurs, the Operator must find and correct the problem or end the program.
In large data processing units, senior or lead Operators maintain the central consoles. They are assisted by less experienced Operators, sometimes referred to as peripheral-equipment operators, who change tapes and disks and tend other pieces of peripheral equipment such as printers or printout copy-separating equipment. Computer Operators may supervise and train peripheral equipment operators and Computer Operator trainees. They may also help programmers and systems analysts test and debug new programs.
WORKING CONDITIONS
Computer Operators work in comfortable rooms where temperature, humidity, and dust are controlled to keep the machines in operating condition. Noises in the room are kept to a minimum with sound-reduction materials, but there may be a low hum from disk or tape drives and occasional noise from high- speed printers.
Computer Operators spend much of their time on their feet as they set up, operate, monitor, and control equipment. Workers frequently experience pressure to meet deadlines. However, there are periods when the machines run for hours on their own. In some data processing offices, Computer Operators are required to lift and carry tapes, disks, paper, and other supplies, which may weigh up to 60 pounds.
Since Computer Operators spend a great deal of at a computer monitor, they may be susceptible to eyestrain and backaches. Also, Operators do many repetitive tasks that may cause hand and wrist problems.
Depending on the individual employer or the particular industry, Computer Operators may be members of a union. In government, these include the California State Employees Association, and the American Federation of State, County, and Municipal Employees.
EMPLOYMENT OUTLOOK
The following information is from the California Projections of Employment published by the Labor Market Information Division.
Estimated number of workers in 1993 31,830 Estimated number of workers in 2005 23,190 Projected Growth 1993-2005 -27% Estimated openings due to separations by 2005 5,150
(These figures do not include self-employment or openings due to turnover.)
The number of jobs for Computer Operators in California is projected to decline sharply. Advances in technology have reduced both the size, cost, and types of computer equipment while at the same time increasing the capacity for data storage and processing automation. The expanding use of software that automates computer operations and the decline of mainframe use reduces the need for Computer Operators. This will result in a demand for highly skilled Operators to monitor a greater number of operations and to be capable of solving a broader range of problems. Job opportunities will be best for Computer Operators who are familiar with a variety of up-to-date operating systems and have a bachelor's degree.
WAGES, HOURS, AND FRINGE BENEFITS
Wages vary due to size of firm, Operator duties, and job location. The median wage reported for all experience levels is $12.64 per hour.
Computer Operators work 40-hours a week. Because some firms use their computers 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, Computer Operators may be required to work evenings or night shifts and weekends. A shift differential is usually paid for early evening and night work. Shift assignments are made on the basis of seniority. Holiday and weekend work are common. Operators may be assigned to certain shifts, either permanently or on a rotating basis. However, automated operations will reduce the need for shift work because computers can run operations during less desirable hours.
Fringe benefits include paid vacation, sick leave, partially paid retirement, medical, dental, visual, and life insurance. A few employers now provide child care benefits.
ENTRANCE REQUIREMENTS AND TRAINING
Previous work experience is the key to obtaining a Computer Operator job in many large companies. Employers look for applicants that have experience with the type of equipment and related operating systems they use. Formal computer training through a community college or technical school is highly recommended and is an asset. As data processing becomes more automated, it will be required.
Those interested in becoming Computer Operators must be adaptable and willing to learn. Skills ranked high by employers include analytical and technical experience, ability to work both independently and with close supervision, to follow directions, meet deadlines, and have effective written and oral communication skills.
ADVANCEMENT
Computer Operators can advance from operating peripheral equipment to controlling the console. Some may be promoted to high levels of technical responsibility, including promotion to supervisor. Most management positions require a bachelor's degree or higher. With additional training in programming, Operators can advance to programmer and systems analyst positions. But, many employers are beginning to require a bachelor's degree for such skilled computer jobs.
As technology advances, many Computer Operators will monitor automated systems. Some Operators may be responsible for maintaining the equipment, while others may shift their responsibilities to network operations, user support, or database maintenance.
FINDING THE JOB
Job seekers should use traditional job search methods such as newspaper ads, direct contact with medical offices, hospitals and clinics, accounting and bookkeeping firms and government agencies. Many employers list available jobs with schools and temporary employment agencies. Job seekers should also register with their nearest Job Services office of the California Employment Development Department.
ADDITIONAL SOURCES OF INFORMATION
California State University, Hayward Department of Mathematics and Computer Science 25800 Carlos B Boulevard Hayward, CA 94542-3092 (510) 885-3414 www.mcs.csuhayward.edu/mcs/
California State University, Sacramento Department of Computer Science 6000 J Street Sacramento, CA 95819-6021 (916) 278-6834 www.ecs.csus.edu/csc/
RELATED OCCUPATIONAL GUIDES
Data Entry Keyers No. 16 Computer Programmers No. 81 Data Processing Equipment Repairers No. 152 Computer Systems Analysts No. 541
OCCUPATIONAL CODE REFERENCES
DOT (Dictionary of Occupational Titles, 4th Ed., 1991) Computer Operator 213.362-010
OES (Occupational Employment Statistics) System Computer Operators 560110
Source: State of California, Employment Development Department,
Labor Market Information Division, Information Services Group,
(916) 262-2162.
Home 
Job Key 
Wages 
Demand